AFDD module: It is a core PV combiner box component, responsible for the real-time detection of key parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, and arc. Through high-precision sensors, these modules can quickly identify and report anomalies in the circuit. The combiner box monitoring system provides monitoring and management for each device in a solar power generation system. The system supports RS485 communication, DC arc fault detection, and shunt. Our DC combiner boxes offer users the possibility to integrate short-circuit and overvoltage protection, as well string monitoring solutions (I,V, T and SPD and switch isolator status), for PV systems using central inverters with PV panels in trackers and fix tilt systems. These strings are then connected in parallel in a combiner box. The innovative box not only performs the tasks of a classic DC combiner, but goes far beyond this with its patent-pending fault discrimination technology. Current measurement uses Hall Effect to. This reference design is a non-isolated high-side current and voltage sensing design for a smart combiner box in a grounded or ungrounded system. An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this TI reference design addresses.