Formed during the Cretaceous rift phase of the West and Central African Rift System (WCARS), the trough comprises of the Bima Sandstone Formation, Yolde Formation, and Pindiga Formation which has a total thickness of 6,000 meters of sedimentary rocks. The Benue Trough is a major geological structure underlying a large part of Nigeria and extending about 1,000 km northeast from the Bight of Benin to Lake Chad. It is part of the broader West and Central African Rift System. The trough has its southern limit at the northern boundary of the. The Upper Benue Trough, a sedimentary basin in northeastern Nigeria, holds significant geological and economic importance. This mega rift structure contains economically significant Pb-Zn-Ba-F deposits that form. A review of high impact literature on the Southern Benue Trough and Anambra Basin was undertaken to enhance the understanding and definition of the basins in terms of their evolution, area extent, sedimentation history, as well as their litho- bio- and sequence stratigraphy.
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